The History of Ice Cream in New Zealand - NZICA
The History of Ice Cream in New Zealand

The History of Ice Cream in New Zealand

By Chris Newey

1971 - 1990
Frosty Jack


A new company, Frozen Products, Ltd., was registered in Wellington in July 1924 and the Evening Post of 31 July reported the new company as having has a capital of £6000, comprising 6000 shares of £l each, it's object being "to manufacture, sell, and distribute as wholesalers and retailers the confection known as "Eskimo Pie", ice cream, and any other similar class of goods, and general incidental."

A group of Wellington investors had formed the company to take up a license for the new chocolate-coated ice cream sensation. In something of a coup, they secured W. Arthur Fisher, an American civil engineer and controller of the Eskimo Pie franchise for Australasia as their General Manager.

The factory was soon into production, and Frosty Jack ice cream and Eskimo Pies were launched onto the Wellington market by December that year:


Frosty Jack and Eskimo Pie advertisement, Evening Post, 16 December 1924

Legend: W. Arthur Fisher


W. Arthur Fisher, an American civil engineer, came to New Zealand in 1923 with fellow American Captain C.B. Colby, as the Australasian controllers for the Eskimo Pie franchise. The Eskimo Pie, a chocolate-coated ice cream bar and a huge success in America, had been patented by the Eskimo Pie Corporation in 1922 and licensed to ice cream manufacturers around the world.

This was seen as a great business opportunity and a group of Wellington investors was assembled to form a company to take up a license.

Frozen Products, Ltd., was registered as a private company in July 1924, Fisher was taken on as General Manager and a factory was built. The original premises were at 210 Vivian Street, central Wellington.

Frosty Jack ice cream and Eskimo Pies were on the market by December 1924.

A new factory was officially opened on the Vivian St site on 30 September 1925.

On 22 July 1927 Fisher hosted an inaugural meeting of ice cream companies to discuss setting up an association at the Frozen Products' Vivian St. offices.

Members at that first meeting were W. Arthur Fisher (Chair), Frozen Products, Wellington; P.H. Ferguson, Robinson Ice Cream Co., Auckland; and H. Turner, Crystal Ice Cream, Dunedin.

One of the main issues the industry faced was the "Police Offences Act, 1924", and its restrictions on Sunday trading.

Fisher was elected President at the meeting and is considered the founder of the New Zealand Ice Cream Manufacturers' Association (now known as the New Zealand Ice Cream Association) and was honoured as the Association's first Life Member. He was also on the executive of the NZ Association of Refrigeration.

In 1927 Fisher also established and became Managing Director of W. Arthur Fisher Ltd., a major importer and supplier of ice cream machinery. The company held the agency for C.P. (Creamery Package Mfg. Co) ice cream churns and homogenisers.

CSE W. Arthur Fisher still operates today, supplying Instrumentation and Control systems.

 


W. Arthur Fisher



Frosty Jack advertisement, Evening Post, December 1925.

A new factory was officially opened on the Vivian St site on 30 September 1925.


Evening Post advertisement, 30 September, 1925.


By October 1925, free delivery was being offered within the city area, and Mousse was included in the company's product range.

Eskimo Pies sold for 3d, and in 1927, the company claimed they sold 420,000 of them that year, as well as 60,00 gallons of Frosty Jack Ice Cream. Frosty Jack ice cream was made of "Cream, Milk, Sugar, Flavour, and less than 1/2 per cent, of Gelatine". Cream and milk came from the Municipal Milk Department.


Auckland Star report, 16 February, 1926.



Eskimo Pie advertisement, Evening Post, 16 March 1927


In November 1929, a new factory was opened at 25-29 Tennyson St, Te Aro.


Ice cream factory exterior: Frosty Jack - Frozen Products Limited, showing the cool store and an ice cream van parked nearby, ca. 1930.
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, C.003077.


On the opening of the new factory (above) the Evening Post reported:

A MODEL FACTORY.
FROZEN PRODUCTS LTD.
ICE-CREAM IN THE MAKING.

It sounds almost incredible, but nevertheless it is a fact that last year New Zealanders consumed no less than 195,000lb of butter-fat, not in drinking milk, but in eating ice-creams. Of course, during the summer months the request, "I want an ice-cream, please," is made over the counters thousands of times daily, and a very healthful article of diet is an ice-cream if it is properly made. Pound for pound, it contains much more nourishment than meat, and it has the great advantage in the fact that amongst its ingredients are none that are indigestible.

The ice-creams and other delicacies made by Frozen Products, Ltd., are very well known to the public, but consumers would be vastly more interested in them did they know all that goes on in the new factory in Tennyson Street. Here has been installed the very latest machinery, and it is quite a revelation to see the latest scientific methods used in the manufacture of ice-creams and similar products.

The ingredients are few - cream, milk, sugar, and various flavourings - and it is a sine qua non with Frozen Products, Ltd., that these ingredients shall be of the highest quality it is possible to obtain. All the containers and machinery are kept scrupulously clean, so that the finished article is pure and wholesome. Great 500-gallon mixing tanks discharge their contents through homogenising machines which ensure that all particles are thoroughly broken up, and from these the mixture goes into the freezers.


Frosty Jack Frozen Products Limited, ice cream churns (3), ca. 1930. Photographer KE Niven.
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, C.003078.

As required, it is drawn off for its final appearance as ice-cream, Eskimo Pie, or some other luscious dainty. One of the most interesting bits at machinery in this up-to-date factory is that which, with almost supernatural uncanniness, takes blocks of the frozen mixture, dips them into liquid chocolate, and neatly wraps them, to be subsequently consumed as Eskimo Pie.


Frosty Jack Frozen Products Limited, ice cream cans on conveyor into hardening feezer, ca. 1930. Photographer KE Niven.
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, C.003075.

The whole factory abounds with labour-saving machinery, obviating handling of the products.

Naturally, ice has to be manufactured in large quantities, seeing that 12 to 13 tons a day are used on the premises, in addition to the vast quantity which is sent out for use in housewives' coolers.

A 32-ton ice tank does this job most efficiently, and the store chambers for its output is a pleasant place to be in on a hot summer day. Four cool-stores can house and keep in good condition 50 to 60 thousand cases of fruit, for fresh fruit is essential for the pure flavourings used. Then there are rooms where cabinets are manufactured for use in the home, Frozen Products, Ltd supplying ice daily, cut into convenient blocks for use in them.

Last, but not least, this most interesting factory contains the testing laboratories, which ensure that all ingredients and products reach the very highest possible standard of purity.

Frozen Products, Ltd., are to be congratulated upon their enterprise in the erection and equipment of a factory which is probably second to none.


Frosty Jack Ice Cream van outside the new Tennyson St factory, ca. 1930.
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, C.003077 (detail).



Frosty Jack and Eskimo Pie advertisement, Evening Post, 19 February 1931.



The Popular Milk Bar, 11 Courtenay Place, Wellington, showing Frosty Jack and Eskimo Pie signage, 1930s.
- Dominion Post.



Frozen Products Limited - Frosty Jack Ice Cream display, Industrial Court, New Zealand Centennial Exhibition, 1940.
- The Fletcher Trust Archives.


During the 1940s, free Eskimo Pie's or Frosty Jack Rainbow Bars were offered to children during Saturday afternoon matinees at the New Time Theatre (cinema) in Cuba St., Wellington.

Wartime sugar restrictions (a 50% cut in supplies!) made life difficult for ice cream manufacturers, but Frosty Jack made a virtue of necessity:

Ice Cream in Battle Dress!
Frosty Jack advertisement, Evening Post, 2 November 1942.



Frosty Jack-branded tea rooms, Upper Hutt, 1949.
- Upper Hutt City Library Heritage Collections P3-398-1573.


The Wellington plant later moved to 8 Peel St., Petone, and a second Frosty Jack factory was opened in Palmerston North.

 

Frosty Jack Ice Cream tub, made in the Petone factory.
- Steve Williams.

Frosty Jack Crackernut wrapper, made in the Palmerston North factory.
- Waikato Museum
 


Frosty Jack Ice Cream sign, 1950s.


Frozen Products went on an acquisition spree through the 1950s, taking over Meadow Gold Ice Cream (an amalgamation of Auckland ice cream companies Snowflake and Oasis) in 1951, Gibbes Delecta Ice Cream (Hawera), Egmont Ice Cream (New Plymouth), Glacier Ice Cream (Palmerston North) and Arctic Ice Cream (Petone). They took over Clarke's Ice Cream (Petone) in the early '60s and by 1963, had also taken over the Wise's Ice Cream business and factory in Gisborne, converting both operations to Frosty Jack brand.

In 1964 Frozen Products Ltd. introduced the Frosty Jack brand to the South Island. Later that year the company announced that it had made a heavy loss, and in 1965, the company was sold to Christchurch-based frozen foods business Fropax (N.Z.) Ltd., part of the Vestey Group (UK-based meat processors, and Blue Star Line shipping).

Fropax quit both ice cream and frozen foods businesses in 1967, selling them (including the Palmerston North and Papatoetoe ice cream factories) to the multinational Unilever.

At this point the Frosty Jack brand disappeared, as Unilever introduced its own ice cream brand, Wall's.

The Frosty Jack factory building at 25-29 Tennyson St, Wellington, still stands, now used for retail space and apartments.

Memories: Help us tell the stories


If you can fill in any gaps in our history of Frozen Products and Frosty Jack Ice Cream or if you have personal memories of the company or the brand that you would like to share, please email us at:

info@nzicecream.org.nz

 




References and related sites:

Archives New Zealand:
http://archives.govt.nz/

Dominion Post.

Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa

National Library

NZ Ice Cream Assn. archives, and "Frostee Digest" journals, 1943-1972.

Papers Past (National Library of New Zealand digitised newspapers database):
http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/

The Fletcher Trust Archives.


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Website: www.nzicecreamandgelato.co.nz
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